Morning Message: Lazarus and Didymus

Bobservations' Column

Titled - "Lazarus and Didymus"

Written By:  Pastor Bob Lawrenz

It was about ten days ago that Christians around the world acknowledged Good Friday. Quite literally, “The Word of God” was executed and put to death. I use that phrasing because of what John wrote: “And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us” (John 1:14).

All the Old Testament was for the most part nullified with its Seven Covenants. God’s Covenants with man worked for only a few, and not at all for those who received His promises. Then the night before He died, Jesus made a New Covenant. The old ordinances of the Levitical Law were made of no effect, and were replaced with a new one, containing just one rule:

"Love one another as I have loved you" (John 15:12).

Do not eat of the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil? Ineffective! The Ten Commandment? Didn’t work out! The 213 Ordinances of the Levitical Law? Kaput! Mankind surely must frustrate God! Each of these commands, ordinances, and rules were God’s Word! And when the Father sent His only begotten Son to fulfill all of them, they killed even Him! (Parable of the Vinedressers - Matthew 21:33-41)

The Word of God left us with a New Covenant, to just love one another.
The 12 Apostles and other Disciples were sent out with a commission to spread this New Covenant, truly Good News!

God’s Son paid the price so that our sins were covered, and He could afterwards bear to be found in our presence, and we in His. Religion and worship changed. And Jesus proved it by rising from the dead, and continued teaching for another 40 days after His Resurrection! He revealed Himself as alive to many and continued His teachings.

From Colossians 2:14 -

“ . . . blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to His Cross.”

Bobservations' Column: Audio Version

Sunday Morning Message:

John 20:24 - 21:14 - Lazarus and Didymus

Summary/Additional Commentary & Definitions:

Last time in John 20 we were with the disciples on Sunday evening a week after Jesus was raised from the dead. Like He had done for the other disciples on resurrection Sunday, Jesus showed His hands and side to “doubting Thomas” and called him to stop unbelieving but to believe. Thomas immediately responded to Jesus, “My Lord and my God” (John 20.28).

Thomas’ profession of faith is the climax of Christology in John’s Gospel. He wrote this accurate testimony so that you will come to the same conclusion as Thomas and make the same profession of faith. That is what John urges us to do at the end of John 20, “And truly Jesus did many other signs in the presence of His disciples, which are not written in this book; 31 but these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in His name.” (John 20:30-31). Seems like a good ending for John’s Gospel. But it doesn’t end there. So we come to John 21.

After the highpoint of Jesus’ death and resurrection, John 21 almost seems like a letdown. How does this last chapter fit? The answer is that John 21 provides an epilogue to balance the prologue, to tie up loose ends, and to point the disciples and the church forward. You might say it answers the question, “What now?”

John’s prologue (John 1:1-18) connects Jesus Christ to the eternity of God and the beginning of creation; now his epilogue points forward to the continuing work of Jesus through the church.

John 21 addresses some questions that would be left unanswered had the Gospel ended after John 20:31, such as: 

• What was the relationship of the Lord Jesus to the disciples after His resurrection? (John 21:1-14 answers this).
• What happened with Peter after his denial of the Lord? (John 21:15-19).
• What about the return of Christ? (John 21:20-23).
• What about all the other things that Jesus did? 
• Why didn’t John and the other writers give a more complete biography of Jesus? (John 21:24-25)

So John is tying up some loose ends to complete the story and answer some remaining questions. And at the same time, he is showing us the risen Christ in relation to His disciples and through them how He relates to us. Today we will look at John 21:1-14 when Jesus appears to some disciples at the Sea of Galilee.

John sets the scene for us by saying, “After these things Jesus showed Himself again to the disciples at the Sea of Tiberias [that is, the Sea of Galilee], and in this way He showed Himself . . .”

We see our Risen Lord watching over His disciples, revealing Himself to them, providing for them and calling them to dine with Him.

How does the risen Lord Jesus relate to His followers? He provides for them and serves them. This is the blessing Christ provides for us. Jesus has the same care for us that He did for the disciples. He will provide for our needs, and we will have sweet fellowship with Him.

Sunday Morning Audio Message:

Key Words and Definitions with Reference: 

Sea of Tiberias (21:1) - The Sea of Tiberias and the Sea of Galilee are the same body of water. The Sea of Galilee is also known as Lake Tiberias, or sometimes Lake Kinneret. The term "Sea of Tiberias" became more prevalent after the city of Tiberias was established on its western shore in the first century CE.

Simon Peter (21:2) - After His resurrection, Jesus specifically named Peter as one who needed to hear the good news (Mark 16:7). And, repeating the miracle of the large catch of fish, Jesus made a special point of forgiving and restoring Peter and re-commissioning him as an apostle (John 21:6, 15-17).

Together (21:2) - Seven of the disciples were involved, the number possibly representing all disciples of the Lord as "fishers of men."  The number seven has, of course, symbolized completeness ever since God established the seven-day week in commemoration of the completion of His week of Creation.  The Great Commission had now been given, and it would soon be time for the disciples and all those who would follow them to go into all the world as "fishers of men" (see Matthew 4:19).  

I am Going Fishing (21:3) - The most reasonable explanation for Peter and the others to go to Galilee in order to fish was that they went in obedience to the Lord's command to meet Him in Galilee (Matthew 28:16).  Peter and the others occupied themselves with fishing, which was their former livelihood, while they awaited Jesus' appearance.

Multitude of Fishes (21:6) - This would remind them immediately of their experience three years earlier, when Jesus had similarly given them a miraculous catch of fishes, and told them that they would "catch men" in the future (Luke 5:1-10).

That Disciple Whom Jesus Loved (21:7) - John immediately recognized that the stranger was the risen Lord. 

Two Hundred Cubits (21:8) - Approximately 300 feet from the shore.

Fish . . . and Bread (21:9) - The disciples had not caught the fish that Jesus had cooked for them.  Just as Jesus turned water into wine, fed the thousands on 5 loaves and two fish, He once again miraculously provides a breakfast for His disciples.

One Hundred and Fifty-Three (21:11) -John's recording of the precise number reinforces the fact that he was an eyewitness author of the events he recorded (1 John 1:1-4).  Jesus' action here in providing the fish also indicated that He would still provide for His disciples' needs (see Philippians 4:19; Matthew 6:25-33).

The Third Time (21:14) - The reference to the "third time" revers only to the appearances reported in John's Gospel, i.e., the first being in 20:19-13 and the second in 20:26-29.

Morning Message: Jesus Is Our Victor!

Bobservations' Column

Titled - "Jesus Is Our Victor!"
Written By: Pastor Bob Lawrenz

We open today with the first of the Messianic Psalms, Psalm 2. In twelve short verses it covers the history of God and His people. It is truly The Psalm of the King: His rejection; His establishment of His Kingdom; and finally, His reigning over the nations. It does not name Him, but it does describe His ability to bring the Will of God to pass. From the early chapters of the Bible and His promise of a Redeemer, all the way through the redemptive process to a new sinless heaven and sinless Earth in Revelation, God remains in control to make sure every one of Earth inhabitants hears of Him and has the choice of Eternal Life with Him.

The Kings of the Earth rage because of their contempt for a Spiritual Authority, that is invisible. But even in mankind’s own corruption, the Psalmist leaves us with hope as we place our trust in God’s rejected Redeemer. We basically live on God’s Created sandbox; therefore, He alone makes the rules and suggests quite strongly that we abide by them. All He asks is that we believe in His Son, placing our hope, trust, and faith in Him.

Resurrection Sunday marks a day when Jesus’ work of Redemption is complete. The payment for sin was paid on Friday past, and His victory over death becomes evident in today’s Gospels. All four of the Writers of the Gospels cover the day, and this miraculous and Holy event. Just a few weeks ago He had raised a dead man up from his grave. And today, on the third day after His own execution, Jesus raises Himself up by the power given Him by God.

None of the Gospel writers cover all the events of the day, but as we read John’s record of it, it is truly a most personal view of the day’s happenings. His own personal relationship with Jesus comes through his descriptions of what impacted Him on that glorious day.

You are encouraged to read the other three Gospel records too, in order to have the full record of the day’s events: Matthew 28; Mark 16; Luke 24. They enhance one another, giving a fuller view of the “who, what, when, and where.”

"All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness," - 2 Timothy 3:16

Bobservations' Column: Audio Version

Sunday Morning Message:

John 20:1-31 - "Jesus Is Our Victor!"

Summary/Additional Commentary & Definitions:

John 20 in the Bible recounts the events following Jesus' crucifixion, focusing on the discovery of the empty tomb, Jesus' appearances to Mary Magdalene and the disciples, and the journey of Thomas from doubt to faith. The chapter emphasizes the eyewitness testimony of the apostles, confirming Jesus' resurrection and establishing him as the Messiah.

Now the night has gone, and the bright dawn has burst – for Jesus has risen from the dead! With the same physical body that Joseph had placed in tomb, bearing the marks of the spear in his side and the nails in His hands and feet, Jesus appeared to His disciples. And just as unbelief found its culmination in His cross, so also, faith reaches its climax at the sight of the empty tomb and in the vision of the risen Lord! As we review the scenes which are painted by John in this chapter, we should notice that each one presents undeniable evidence to the fact of the resurrection; and we would also do well to observe the faith that each of these scenes inspired in those who were favored with the privilege of beholding it.

Jesus's resurrection is considered a definitive victory over death, demonstrating his divine power and the triumph of God's love. It is the foundation of Christian faith and the promise of eternal life.  The resurrection assures believers of forgiveness of sins and the hope of their own future resurrection, ultimately offering a victory over death's grip.

To the Believer, the resurrection provides hope, joy, and peace, enabling us to live with assurance and purpose. It also empowers us to live a life that reflects the resurrected Christ.

Sunday Morning Audio Message:

Key Words and Definitions with Reference: 

First Day of the Week (20:1) - A reference to Sunday.  From then on, believers set aside Sunday to meet and remember the marvelous Resurrection of the Lord (see Acts 20:7; 1 Corinthians 16:2).  It became known as the Lord's Day (Revelation 1:10).

Mary Magdalene Went to the Tomb (20:1) - Perhaps the reason why Jesus first appeared to Mary Magdalene was to demonstrate grace by His personal, loving faithfulness to someone who formerly had a sordid past; but clearly also because she loved Him so dearly and deeply, that she appeared before anyone else at the tomb.  Her purpose in coming was to finish the preparation of Jesus' body for burial by bringing more spices to anoint the corpse (Luke 24:1).

Other Disciple, whom Jesus Loved (20:2) - This is John, the author of this book.  

They have Taken (20:2) - Though Jesus had predicted His Resurrection numerous times, it was more than they could believe at this point.  It would take His showing Himself alive to them by many "infallible proofs" (Acts 1:3) for them to believe.

Saw the Linen Cloths Lying (20:5-7) - A contrast existed between the resurrection of Lazarus (11:44) and that of Jesus.  While Lazarus came forth from the grave wearing his grave clothes, Jesus' body, though physical and material, was glorified and was now able to pass through the grave clothes much in the same way that He later appeared in the locked room (see vs 19, 20).  From outside, John can see the strips of linen which were used to wrap Jesus' body (John 19:40). This is likely a confusing sight: John would likely wonder why the grave clothes were left behind, but the body taken away. It won't be until John notices another detail, described in the next verse, that his mind snaps to the truth: Jesus is alive (John 20:7–8).

Linen Cloths . . . Napkin (Handkerchief) (20:5-7) - The cloth designated for Jesus' face is placed off to the side, away from the other burial clothes. It's not casually thrown or crumpled, either. It's been folded. That, also, would be confusing if this was the work of grave robbers. To strip the body naked before taking it would be bizarre (John 20:6). Taking the time and effort to fold the face cloth would be even stranger. All appearances indicated that no one had taken the body, but that it had moved through the cloths and left them behind in the tomb.

Other Disciple (20:8) - John saw the grave clothes and was convinced by them that He had risen.  Despite Jesus' many predictions (John 2:19–22; Mark 9:31; Luke 18:33), the disciples are still having a difficult time understanding the idea of His death and resurrection (John 20:9). With two thousand years of hindsight, we might find that strange. In the moment, however, it's not clear what has happened. Seeing the folded cloth immediately tells John that it was Jesus—alive—who put it there.

Knew Not the Scriptures (20:9) - Neither Peter nor John understood that Scripture said Jesus would rise (Psalm 16:10).  This is evident by the reports of Luke (24:25-27, 32, 44-47).  Jesus had foretold His Resurrection (John 2:17; Matthew 16:21; Mark 8:31; 9:31; Luke 9:22), but they wouldn't accept it (Matthew 16:22; Luke 9:44-45).  By the time John wrote this Gospel, the church had developed an understanding of the OT Prediction of Messiah's resurrection.

Weeping (20:11-13) - Mary's sense of grief and loss may have driven her ack to the tomb.  She apparently had not crossed paths with Peter or John and, thus did not know of Jesus' resurrection (see v. 9).

Two Angels (20:12) - Luke (24:4) describes both.  Mathhew (28:2, 3) and Mark (16:5) report only one.  John's reason for the mention of angels is to demonstrate that no grave robbers took the body. This was an operation of the power of God.

Knew Not That It Was Jesus (20:14) - Those prior details are crucial in understanding why Mary did not recognize Jesus at first. Her last glimpse of Him was a mutilated corpse (John 19:1–4, 18, 34). Modern entertainment includes "makeover" shows where someone is given a new hairstyle, clothes, and makeup, and family members note the difference. A common remark in those shows is "I almost didn't recognize you!" Mary, in state of mourning and confusion, eyes blurred with tears, and in dim light (John 20:1) would never have assumed the figure standing nearby was the same person she saw mangled and buried just a few days before.

Mary! (20:16) - Whatever the reason for her failure to recognize Jesus, the moment He spoke the single word, " Mary," she immediately recognized Him.  This is reminiscent of Jesus' words "My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me."

Do Not Cling to Me, For I Have Not Yet Ascended (20:17) - Mary was expressing a desire to hold on to His physical presence for fear that she would once again lose Him.  Jesus' reference to His ascension signifies that He would only be temporarily with them and though she desperately wanted Him to stay, He could not.  Jesus was with them only for forty more days, and then He ascended (Acts 1:3-11).  After He went to the Father, He sent the Holy Spirit ("The Helper") so they would not feel abandoned.

My Brethren (20:17) - Disciples have been called "servants" or "friends" (15:15), but not "brothers," until here.  Because of Jesus' work on the Cross in place of the sinner, this new relationship to Christ was made possible (Romans 8:14-17; Galatians 3:26, 27; Ephesians 1:5; Hebrews 2:10-13).

The Doors Were Shut (20:19) - The Greek word indicates the doors were locked for fear of the Jews. Since the authorities had executed their leader, they reasonably expected that Jesus' fate could be their own.

Peace Be Unto You (2:19) - Jesus' greeting complements His "It is finished," for His work on the Cross accomplished peace between God and His people (Romans 5:1; Ephesians 2:14-17).

He Showed Them His Hands...Side (20:20) - Jesus proved that He who appeared to them was the same One who was crucified.

Receive Ye the Holy Ghost (20:22) - When God created man, He "breathed" a spirit into Adam (Genesis 2:7). The Greek term for "spirit" can also be used to refer to wind or breath. Jesus' action here evokes the original creation of humanity and fulfils part of His promise to send the Holy Spirit (John 15:26–27). This will be crucial to their mission, though the full indwelling of the Spirit will not happen until Pentecost (Acts 2:1–4).  The primary role of the Holy Spirit is guidance (John 14:26). That especially involves matters of Jesus' teaching (John 16:13; Luke 12:12). That is one reason Jesus' references to the Spirit are often tied to the idea of "peace." This context is also extremely important for understanding Jesus' next remark, about the forgiveness of sins (John 20:23).

Whosoever Sins Ye Remit (20:23) - It is this context which frames Jesus' remark about forgiveness: this declaration comes because these men are being reminded and guided by the Spirit of God. In no sense, at all, does Christ mean that forgiveness of sin is being determined by the disciples, or that they are choosing whether to absolve others of sin. The original Greek language uses more easily defined tenses, so it comes across more clearly, emphasizing that such sins "have already been forgiven" or "have already been retained." Guided by the truth of the Holy Spirit and in keeping with His truth, these men will be able to accurately declare whether others are abiding by those truths.

But Thomas (20:24, 25) - Thomas has already been portrayed as loyal, but pessimistic.  Jesus did not rebuke Thomas for his failure, but instead compassionately offered him proof of His Resurrection.  Jesus lovingly met him at the point of his weakness.  Thomas' actions indicated that Jesus had to convince the disciples rather forcefully of His Resurrection.

My Lord and My God! (20:28) - With these words, Thomas declared his firm belief in the Resurrection and, therefore, the deity of Jesus the Messiah and Son of God (Titus 2:13).  This is the greatest confession a person can make.  Thomas' confession functions as the fitting capstone of John's purpose in writing.

Blessed Are They That Have Not Seen (20:29) - The comment Jesus makes here points out that most people will never have the experiences which these men enjoyed. As the disciples go out to preach the gospel, they will be speaking to people who will not see Jesus in person. They will preach to those without the benefit of direct, personal encounters with God. Jesus pronounced a special blessing on those who believe without having Thomas' privilege (1 Peter 1:8, 9).

But These Are Written (20:31) - The goal and the purpose for which John wrote the Gospel.

Morning Message: Going Home

Bobservations' Column

Titled - "Going Home"

Written by:  Pastor Bob Lawrenz

Palm Sunday marks the beginning of Passion Week for Christians. For the Jews, it marks a return to Jerusalem, particularly for the Feast of Passover. Due to the calendars each faith follows, these may be different weeks. Jewish holidays are celebrated according to the Lunar Calendar of old. Most all the world recognizes the Gregorian Calendar as accurate. It was 1852 when the Vatican reconfigured the Calendar under Pope Gregory XIII in order to correct an inaccuracy identified in the Julian Calendar, established by Julius Caesar in 45 AD. Both follow the progress of the Earth’s orbit around the Sun.

Prior to either of those calendars was the Lunar Calendar which follows the phases of the moon as it orbits the Earth. The Lunar Calendar follows a different set of rules that were given to us by God as the Jewish holidays follow the phases of the moon from season to season. All the Jewish Holy Days are identified accordingly.

The Jewish holidays were days marked by travel, as the Jews traveled to Jerusalem for the celebrations. For three of the Holidays, it was mandatory each year for them to go to Jerusalem, Passover being among the three.

Psalms 120 through 134 are considered Psalms of Ascent as the Jews sang them on their trek as they “went up” to Jerusalem. Your Bible may label them as “Psalms of Degrees.” In a more literal sense for the Jews, they were Psalms sung while going home to the City of God, Jerusalem.

Psalm 122 is more specific, as it was used as they marched up the Judean Hills, and actually entered into the City of Jerusalem. Psalm 122:2 says “Our feet shall stand within thy gates, O Jerusalem.” This is what we celebrate today on Palm Sunday, Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem, marking His time of “Going Home.”

For Jesus, these were His final steps on the way to Calvary.  By the end of the week, He would be on the Cross: The Lamb of God: Sacrificed for us…

Bobservations' Column:  Audio Version

Sunday Morning Message:

Luke 19:28-40 - "Going Home"

Summary/Additional Commentary & Definitions:

As we enter into this wonderful week of remembering the passion of our Lord Jesus Christ, we know that it all began with what is commonly called Palm Sunday, that Sunday in which Jesus entered the city of Jerusalem and did so to the waving of palm branches and a hailing of him as King. And, of course, it ends with the resurrection. This is a great and glorious week for us to celebrate.

Traditionally, Palm Sunday is a day filled with meaning for us as Christians. We sing hallelujah; we’ve done it. We sing hosanna. We praise the name of Jesus. We hail him as King, celebrating his entry into Jerusalem to the praises of His people. This is a day when everything that Zacharias, the father of John the Baptist said in his Benedictus would come to pass actually came to pass. Do you remember when he was told by the angel that he was going to have a child who would be the great prophet to announce the arrival of the Messiah? His response was, “This is it; this is the great moment. All that was promised to David, all that was promised to Abraham, all that was promised in the new covenant is going to come to pass.” He said, “God has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people. He has raised up a horn of salvation for us in the house of David, His servant. This is salvation from our enemies and from the hand of all who hate us. This is God showing mercy to us, remembering His holy covenant which He swore to Abraham. This is God bringing us to the holiness and righteousness that He pledged to us. This is God giving His people the knowledge of salvation and the forgiveness of sin through His tender mercy. The coming of Messiah,” said Zacharias, “is the sunrise visiting on us to shine on those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death and to guide our feet into the way of everlasting peace.”

He knew that with the coming of Jesus, all of those great, prophetic elements of salvation were coming into focus. And so, Jesus comes. And He comes to do all that had been promised to David and Abraham, and promised in the new covenant to bring salvation. We now come to the end of those 33 years we come to the end of His life and His ministry. It’s really over. All that He needed to do to prove who He was is done. The announcement was made at His birth by the angels. The affirmation was confirmed by the shepherds. His perfect, sinless life was an evidence that He was, in fact, God, the Messiah, the Lord, the Christ, the Redeemer, the Savior.

Luke 19:28–40 records the triumphal entry. The triumphal entry is that of Jesus coming into Jerusalem on what we know as Palm Sunday, the Sunday before the crucifixion (John 12:1, 12). The story of the triumphal entry is one of the few incidents in the life of Jesus which appears in all four Gospel accounts (Matthew 21:1-17; Mark 11:1-11; Luke 19:29-40; John 12:12-19). Putting the four accounts together, it becomes clear that the triumphal entry was a significant event, not only to the people of Jesus’ day, but to Christians throughout history. We celebrate Palm Sunday to remember that momentous occasion.

Jesus’ purpose in riding into Jerusalem was to make public His claim to be their Messiah and King of Israel in fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy. Matthew says that the King coming on the foal of a donkey was an exact fulfillment of Zechariah 9:9, “Rejoice greatly, O Daughter of Zion! Shout, Daughter of Jerusalem! See, your king comes to you, righteous and having salvation, gentle and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.” Jesus rides into His capital city as a conquering King and is hailed by the people as such, in the manner of the day. He receives the worship and praise of the people because only He deserves it. No longer does He tell His disciples to be quiet about Him (Matthew 12:16, 16:20) but to shout His praises and worship Him openly. The spreading of cloaks was an act of homage for royalty (see 2 Kings 9:13). Jesus was openly declaring to the people that He was their King and the Messiah they had been waiting for.

Unfortunately, the praise the people lavished on Jesus was not because they recognized Him as their Savior from sin. They welcomed Him out of their desire for a messianic deliverer, someone who would lead them in a revolt against Rome. But when He failed in their expectations, when He refused to lead them in a massive revolt against the Roman occupiers, the crowds quickly turned on Him. Within just a few days, their hosannas would change to cries of “Crucify Him!” (Luke 23:20-21).

Sunday Morning Audio Message:

Key Words and Definitions with Reference: 

Ascending up to Jerusalem (19:28) - The road from Jericho to Jerusalem was a steep ascent, rising some 4,000 feet in about 20 miles.  This represented the last leg of the long journey that began in Luke 9:51. For Jesus, the road to Jerusalem has included miracles, parables, acceptance, and rejection. The week ahead will be eventful. First, a great crowd will accompany Him up the hill to the Temple Mount, crying His praises as king (Luke 19:36–38). But along the way, Jesus will catch sight of the city of Jerusalem and weep over its coming destruction by the Romans (Luke 19:41–44). Next, He will enter the temple courts and find them filled with merchants and venders hawking items visitors need for the Passover in the area reserved for faithful Gentiles (Luke 19:45–46).  The days will continue with Jesus arguing with the religious leaders. Women will anoint Him for His death. Jesus will take time to reinforce to His disciples that a spiritual war is coming. They need to be prepared and keep their eyes on God and His coming deliverance (Luke 21:5–38). And then, Luke records the Last Supper and the cross.

Bethphage (19:29) - Bethphage is a small town near Bethany, on the southeast slope of the Mt. of Olives.  It is mentioned nowhere else in Scripture except in connection with Christ's triumphal entry.

Bethany (19:29) - Jesus often stayed there during His visits to Jerusalem. Bethany is located 2 miles east of the temple in Jerusalem.  This is the home of Mary, Martha, and Lazarus (John 11:1).

Mt. of Olives - The main peak of a ridge running north to south, located east of the Kidron Valley, adjacent to the temple.  Olivet derived its name from the dense olive groves that once covered it. In the Gospel of Luke, the Mount of Olives is depicted as a place where Jesus frequently retreated to pray and spend time with his disciples. Specifically, Luke 22:39-46 describes Jesus praying on the Mount of Olives the night before his crucifixion, in what is known as the Garden of Gethsemane. This location also serves as a backdrop for Jesus' teachings on the Olivet Discourse (Matthew 24-25) and is mentioned in prophecies related to his second coming.

Colt (19:30) - The other Gospels say this was a donkey colt (cf. Zechariah 9:9), and Matthew reveals that the mare was brought along as well.

Spread Their Clothes (19:36) - Luke omits the cutting of palm branches mentioned by Matthew and Mark.  This act was a way of showing honor and respect, often associated with royal processions or welcoming someone important.

The Whole Multitude of Disciples (19:37) - Those following Jesus.  Doubtless many in the crowd were not true disciples.

Mighty Works (19:37) - His followers rightfully praise God for the miracles Jesus has done, not least of which was the recent raising of Lazarus from the dead. John 12:17-19 specifically mentions that news of the raising of Lazarus had provoked many in the crowd to come to see Jesus.

Blessed is the King (19:38) - Quoting Psalm 118:26, they hailed Jesus as Messiah. Matthew quotes, "Hosanna to the Son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!" (Matthew 21:9). Mark's is similar: "Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Blessed is the coming kingdom of our father David! Hosanna in the highest!" (Mark 11:9–10). John has, "Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, even the King of Israel!" (John 12:13). Likely, different people are shouting different things, including praising God for the miracles they have seen Jesus perform (Luke 19:37), but the gist is the same: Yahweh's chosen king, in the line of David, is coming to take His rightful throne in Jerusalem.

Peace in Heaven (19:38) - Only Luke reported this phrase.  It is reminiscent of angels' message in 2:14. The declaration of "peace in heaven" suggests a reconciliation between God and humanity through Jesus. It echoes the angelic proclamation at Jesus' birth in Luke 2:14, where peace is announced on earth. This peace is not merely the absence of conflict but the restoration of a right relationship with God. It signifies the heavenly approval of Jesus' mission and the ultimate peace that His kingdom will bring.

Rebuke Your Disciples (19:39) - The Pharisees were offended by people offering Him such worshipful praise.  They wanted Him to stop them.  They didn't believe who Jesus claimed to be.  They hated Him because they could not control Him.  From the Pharisees' point of view, to continue this noisy proclamation of Jesus as "king" is to tempt fate. If Pilate comes to believe that the people are joining a Jesus-led revolt against the Roman Empire, the results will be horrific. Hundreds of thousands of Jews from all over the empire flood into Jerusalem on the Passover. Pilate—infamous for his cruelty and excessively violent responses—might destroy them all.

The Stones Would Cry Out (19:40) - This was a strong claim of deity, and perhaps a reference to the words of Habakkuk 2:11.  Scripture often speaks of inanimate nature praising God.  Cf. Psalms 96:11; 98:7-9; 114:7; Isaiah 55:12.  Compare also the words of John the Baptist in Matthew 3:9; not the fulfillment of Jesus' words in Matthew 27:51.

Morning Message: The Law and Love

Bobservations' Column

Titled - "The Law and Love"

Written by:  Pastor Bob Lawrenz

With Resurrection Sunday approaching, our hearts turn toward Jesus’ victory over sin and death. God has made a way for us; it’s a narrow path, not a wide road. Paul’s 13th chapter in his Epistle to the Romans reminds us of the righteous lifestyle that God’s children are to seek out and adopt in our daily lives. But before addressing these issues in Scripture, you may have noticed that I make reference to Resurrection Sunday, instead of “Easter” during this time of year.

That avoidance is on purpose, and it relates to The Goddess Aestarte, or Astarte from whose name “Easter” is derived. She is mythological Anglo-Saxon goddess of spring, of new growth, and fertility. Her celebration of new life recognizes the newness of springtime. The Greek adaptation of her name is “Ishtar” who was worshipped in ancient Mesopotamia as the Sumerian Goddess of love, fertility, and war! The celebration of this multicultural goddess falls in early spring, coinciding with Passover of the Jews, and Easter of Christendom. As Christianity spread eastward to Mesopotamia, and westward to Europe and the German Anglo-Saxon region, it is easy to see why her holiday was co-opted by New Christians as Aestarte’s name was anglicized to the English “Easter.” Ashteroth, and Ashtoreth are variations on the name from other pagan religious beliefs. Common to them all is the word “Pagan.”

Indeed, we look at the Resurrection Holiday celebrated by Christians as a time of renewal, and a new life in Christ. The Pagan celebrations revolve around earthly values, while Resurrection Weekend celebrates the Spiritual aspects of our hope and faith is Jesus Christ, Who supplies all our earthly needs, and our spiritual needs as well.

Easter Egg Hunts, and cute fluffy bunny rabbits are fun, and they certainly celebrate new life and fertility. These are earthly things, and great tools to use as our children are taught about the new life afforded us by Christ as His flesh was put to death, and He was raised up again to New Life.

“When I was a child, I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child: but when I became a man, I put away childish things.” - 1 Corinthians 13:11

Bobservations' Column:  Audio Version

Sunday Morning Message:

Romans 13:1-14 - "The Law and Love"

Summary/Additional Commentary Notes/Definitions:

In Romans chapter 13, the apostle Paul continues to apply the life changing gospel to the lives of Christians. How do those in Christ live? In chapter 12 Paul expounded on our service to God, we present ourselves as living sacrifices, holy and acceptable to Him.  Now inn chapter 13 he continues in that theme.

The first part of the chapter speaks clearly about the government's legitimate authority and the Christian's response to it. Then Paul deals with the believer's obligation to loving their neighbors.

Paul begins by making clear that he conceives of no exceptions to what he is now saying (let every soul) that means every believer needs to submit to the Lord in this.  Christians are to submit to those in authority, pay taxes, abide by the law and show respect out of reverence for their God-appointed position.

Recognizing that God has placed governing authorities in their positions, our faith and trust are in Him whether or not we agree with a policies or politics. Doesn't God have all power and authority in human affairs? Therefore, as Believers, we don't need not fear when submitting to governing authorities since it is God who appoints them. Daniel, who served under the evil King Nebuchadnezzar, understood that. "And he [God] changeth the times and the seasons[controls the course of world events]: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings..." (Daniel 2:21). 

While Paul's instruction commands subjection and submission, there are times when Christians are not to be subject to governing authorities, and the only instance is when those leaders try to force Christians to contradict the will of God. For example, nearly all of the apostles were eventually killed by governing authorities for preaching the gospel: they refused to obey when told to be silent, but they submitted to the punishment and authority of the government.

In verses 8-10, Paul transitions to the idea that Believer's should not be debt, in fact we should strive to pay all of our debts.  There is however one debt that will never fully be paid, and that is the obligation to love one another. This is the most important command that Jesus gave us in Matthew 22.  Just as God has shown us mercy and forgiveness and love when we didn't deserve it, so we ought to show love to one another.  When that command is obeyed, it fulfills the entire law. 

Paul's final set of instructions in chapter 13 is that we need to be urgent about the time. He writes, "The night is far spent, the day is at hand" (vs. 12) speaking of that day of the Lord, mankind's final judgment. Since we are children of the Light, we must throw off any works of darkness, and put on the Lord Jesus Christ Himself, living to please Him not seeking to gratify our flesh. 

Sunday Morning Audio Message:

Key Words and Definitions with Reference: 

Subject Unto the Higher Powers (13:1) - This word was a Greek military term meaning "to arrange [troop divisions] in a military fashion under the command of a leader". In non-military use, it was "a voluntary attitude of giving in, cooperating, assuming responsibility, and carrying a burden". Scripture makes one exception to this command:  when obedience to civil authority would require disobedience to God's Word.  Higher Powers are civil governing authorities without regard to competency, morality, reasonableness or any other caveat (1 Thessalonians 4:11, 12; 1 Timothy 2:1,2; Titus 3:1,2).

No Power But of God (13:1) - God is the sovereign ruler of the universe, He alone has all authority over the affairs of man (Psalms 62:11; 103:19; 1 Timothy 6:15).

Ordained (13:1) - Human government's authority derives from and is defined by God.  He instituted government to reward good and to restrain evil.  

Whosoever Therefore Resisteth the Power (13:2) - Disobedience is rebellion against God.

Not A Terror To Good Works (13:3) - Even the most wicked, godless governments act as a deterrent to crime.

Do That Which is Good (13:3) - Be peaceful, law-abiding citizens.  Those who are don't need to fear the authorities.  

Minister of God . . . For Good (13:4) Government's role should promote what is good by helping to restrain evil and protecting life and property.  

Beareth . . . the Sword (13:4) - Symbolizing civil authorities right to inflict punishment on those who break the law. This includes capital punishment (Genesis 9:6; cf. Matthew 26:52; Acts 25:11.

For Conscience Sake (13:5) - A sense of love and obligation to God.  We are to keep a clear conscience before Him. 

For This Cause (13:6) - Because ordained human government and demands submission to it.

Pay Ye Tribute Also (13:6) - Taxes. The Greek word is phóros, meaning a tax (properly, an individual assessment on persons or property. Paul uses the term in the broadest possible sense to speak of all kinds of taxes. Jesus explicitly taught that taxes are to be paid - even to the pagan Roman government (Matthew 22:17-21).

Render . . . to All Their Dues (13:7) - Pay all that you owe.  

Owe No Man Anything (13:8) - This is not a prohibition against borrowing money, which Scripture permits and regulates (cf. Exodus 22:25; Leviticus 25:35-37; Deuteronomy 15:7-9; Psalms 15:5; 37:21, 26; Matthew 5:42).  Paul's point is that all our financial obligations must be paid when they are due. 

Love One Another (13:8) - Believers are command to love not only other Christians, but also non-Christians (Matthew 5:44; Luke 6:27, 35; cf. Luke 6:28, 34; Romans 12:14, 20; Galatians 6:10; 1 Thessalonians 5:15). 

Love Thy Neighbor As Thyself (13:9) - Sums up the entire verse.  This is a quote from Leviticus 19:18 which encompasses all of God's laws concerning human relationships (Matthew 22:39).  When we love our neighbor, we do what is in their be interest. 

Fulfilling of the Law (13:10) - When we treat others with the same care that we have for ourselves, we will not violate God's Laws. 

Near Than When We Believed (13:11) - We will be glorified when Jesus returns which is drawing closer with each passing day.  His soon return motivates us to holy living. 

Night (13:12) - This refers to man's depravity and Satan's dominion (cf. 1 Thessalonians 5:4, 5).

Day (13:12) - Refers to Christ's return and reign.

Cast Off (13:12) - Repentance and a forsaking of sin.

Walk Honestly (13:13) - Living a life pleasing to God, according to His Word, both in attitude and outward behavior. 

Rioting...Drunkenness...Chambering and Wantonness (13:13) - Wild parties, brawls, riots, sexual immorality.

Put on the Lord Jesus Christ (13:14) - The continuing spiritual process in which those saved by faith are transformed into His image and likeness.  Putting off and putting on is symbolic of thoughts and behavior. 

Morning Message: Be Ye Transformed

Bobservations' Column

Titled - "Be Ye Transformed"

Written by:  Pastor Bob Lawrenz

Romans 12 – The Apostle Paul has seen both sides of mankind, and he learned more about God and His desires for mankind than even he thought possible. He did not learn these things at the feet of his teachers in the ways of Judaism. He learned them during his wilderness experience with the Holy Spirit. The author of the Scriptures brings a greater depth of understanding.

Just as Moses had his 40 year experience in the wilderness and learned of God’s ways, Paul had his own wilderness experience, learning from the Spirit of God, which is the Spirit of Christ, i.e. the Holy Spirit. Trial and tribulations will find all of us sooner or later, and we will all have a wilderness experience as the Holy Spirit draws us to Jesus and we all cry out to Him.

How often have we read in the Psalms that King David found himself in a trial and he cried out to the Lord, and God heard his cry, and saved him. This was especially true when David found himself being chased by King Saul and 3,000 of Saul’s Army. David fled to the Philistines to hide; he fled to the witches of Endor for insight and wisdom, And in 1 Samuel 22, he found rest in a cave, only to discover that King Saul took shelter in that same cave overnight. David’s burdens were great, fearing for his life, and his temptations grew greater as his men thought that Saul had been delivered into their hands by God. But David showed mercy and respect to Saul, realizing how much mercy God had shown to David himself, even through the ordeal with Goliath.

Finding Saul and his soldiers in the cave with him and his men, David showed mercy, believing that Saul was God’s anointed King. In the end, it was an Amalakite that slew Saul and his son, Jonathan, allowing David to take the Throne of all Israel. God spared David the task of removing Saul from the throne, more mercy on David again!
Love begets love, mercy begets more mercy. Hatred begets more hatred. Anger begets more anger. “…Choose you this day whom ye will serve: …as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord.” – Joshua 24:15

From I Timothy 6:6 - 

“Godliness with contentment is great gain.”

Bobservations' Column: Audio Version

Sunday Morning Message:

Romans 12:1-21 - "Be Ye Transformed"

Summary/Additional Commentary and Definitions:

After teaching the great doctrine regarding the gospel of God’s righteousness that is ours through faith in Christ in Romans chapters 1—11, Paul begins to exhort us to godly living. The key to a productive and satisfying Christian life is not in getting more but in giving all. Lord, take all of me!

In John 4:23, Jesus said, "But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father seeketh such to worship him." God gave Himself for us in order that we might give ourselves to Him. 

So, what does a transformed life look like?  How are we to live in light of the saving power of the gospel?

As we begin Romans chapter 12, the exhortation in verses 1-2 really serves as a summary statement of all that follows. A living sacrifice to God is one who does not conform, but is transformed. We are not to be conformed to this world. Paul is using the word "world" here to refer to the spirit of the age. In other words, "world" refers to the popular worldview that rejects God and His revelation. As unbelievers, we are naturally conformed to the world (Ephesians 2:1–3). But as believers, we are no longer conformed to this world because we no longer belong to the spirit of this age. We have been translated from the kingdom of darkness into the kingdom of God’s beloved Son (Colossians 1:13). Therefore, rather than continuing to conform to this world, we are to be transformed by having our minds renewed. The only way to replace the error of the world’s way of thinking is to replace it with God’s truth, and the only infallible source of God’s truth is His revealed Word, the Bible. There are no shortcuts.

This chapter focuses on the implications of the gospel for everyday behavior, emphasizing the transformation of believers, their roles within the church, and their conduct in the broader society. Paul provides practical guidance on how to live out the Christian faith through love, humility, and service.

Sunday Morning Audio Message:

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Key Words and Definitions with Reference: 

Beseech (12:1) - In the Greek, parakaleō comes from the root which means "to call alongside to help" i.e. invite, invoke.  It later came to connote exhorting, encouraging, or counseling: —beseech, call for, (be of good) comfort, desire, (give) exhort(-ation), intreat, pray. It is often translated as "Helper," in reference to the Holy Spirit.  (See John 14:16, 26; 15:26; 16:7).  

Therefore (12:1) - Used in reference to the doxology at the end of chapter 11.  Since all things are for the glory of God, we respond likewise.  We offer ourselves as living sacrifices for His purposes and glory. 

Mercies of God (12:1) - Paul expounded on the mercies of God which include God's love (1:7; cf. 5:5; 8:35, 39), His grace (1:6,7; 3:24; 5:2, 20, 21; 6:15), His righteousness (1:17; 3:21,22; 4:5,6,22-24; 5:17, 19), and also the gift of faith (1:5, 17; 3:22, 26; 4:5, 13; 5:1; 10:7; 12:3). 

Present Your Bodies a Living Sacrifice (12:1) - Paul’s admonition to the believers in Rome was to sacrifice themselves to God, not as a sacrifice on the altar, as the Mosaic Law required the sacrifice of animals, but as a living sacrifice. Under the Old Covenant, God accepted the sacrifices of animals. But these were just a foreshadowing of the sacrifice of the Lamb of God, Jesus Christ. Because of His ultimate, once-for-all-time sacrifice on the cross, the Old Testament sacrifices became obsolete and are no longer of any effect (Hebrews 9:11-12). For those who are in Christ by virtue of saving faith, the only acceptable worship is to offer ourselves completely to the Lord. Under God’s control, the believer’s yet-unredeemed body can and must be yielded to Him as an instrument of righteousness (Romans 6:12-13; 8:11-13). In view of the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus for us, this is only “reasonable.”

Reasonable Service (12:1) - "Reasonable" comes from the Greek word logikós, meaning rational or logical. God has blessed believers with spiritual riches that only come by His wonderful mercy.  It is reasonable therefore that those who love Him, who have put their trust in Him should offer their best, their highest form of service.  Priests in the Old Testament were chosen by God for a purpose, to serve God with their lives through the offering of sacrifices.  In the New Testament believers are chosen by God for a purpose, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, not blood sacrifices.  Jesus has made one sacrifice for sin for all time, none other needs to be made.  1 Peter 2:5–9: “Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. . . . But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light."

Do Not Be Conformed (12:2) - This is a firm warning not to conform or fashion one's self (both mind and character) to another's pattern. This refers to the way we assume an outward expression that does not reflect who we are in Christ.  

This World (12:2) - or this "age."  We are not to conform to the world's standards, it's system of beliefs, values, or the spirit of the age which is a world that is dominated by Satan.

Transformed (12:2) - Comes from the Greek word metamorphóō,  which means to transform (literally or figuratively, "metamorphose"): —change, transfigure, transform. Matthew uses the same word to describe the Transfiguration of Jesus (17:2). Outwardly Christ's glory was seen at the Transfiguration, so ought Christians outwardly manifest the new nature we have been given, not just once, but daily. 

Renewing of Your Mind (12:2) - Our renewed minds were once blinded by the god of this world, Satan (2 Corinthians 4:4).  In Christ they can be and should be in harmony with and guided His Spirit.  We are to have the mind of Christ (1 Corinthians 2:16). 

Good . . . Acceptable . . . Perfect (12:2) - God's will for the believer is good, acceptable and perfect. These words describe a life that is Holy (set apart) morally, spiritually spotless from the stain of sin. As we offer our whole selves to Him, He transforms and redirects our lives. As believers renounce the ways of the world and submit to Christ, their minds, hearts, and wills are renewed by God’s Word and Spirit. This is how we can test and approve God’s will.

Grace (12:3) - The undeserved favor of God which called Paul to be an apostle giving him spiritual authority (Romans 1:1-5) and producing a sincere humility (1 timothy 1:12-14).

Soberly (12:3) - Comes from the Greek word sōphronéō, which means to be of sound mind, be in right mind.  This is the exercise of sound judgment.  

Measure of Faith (12:3) - The faith God has given to each of us. Not only is faith a gift from God but recognizing that prevents pride and encourages “sober judgment.” We should recognize the limits of the gifts God has given us, and also acknowledge the gifts that others possess, and that each believer is divinely placed into Christ as a vital and functioning part of His spiritual Body (Romans 12:4–8; cf. 1 Corinthians 12:27). No member is superior to any other.

Many Members . . . One Body (12:40) - Just as in the natural body, God has given the body of Christ a unified diversity.

In Christ (12:5) - Every true believer is unified with Christ. 

According to the Grace . . . Given (12:6) The gifts are given, they are undeserved and unmerited.  The gift, the way in which it is used, and the results are chosen by the Spirit.

Prophecy (12:6) - The Greek word translated “prophesying” or “prophecy” means to “speak forth” or declare the divine will, to interpret the purposes of God, or to make known in any way the truth of God which is designed to influence people. A pastor/preacher who declares the Bible can be considered a “prophesier” in that he is speaking forth the counsel of God. With the completion of the New Testament canon, prophesying changed from declaring new revelation to declaring the completed revelation God has already given. Jude 3 speaks of “the faith which was once delivered unto the saints” (emphasis added). In other words, the faith to which we hold has been settled forever, and it does not need the addition or refinement that comes from extra-biblical revelations. Christians are to be very wary of those who claim to have a “new” message from God.  No utterance of man should be considered equal to or above the written Word. We must hold to the Word that God has already given and commit ourselves to sola scriptura—or Scripture alone.

In Proportion to our Faith (12:6) - The Greek word, analogia, translated "proportion" is essentially a mathematical term.  One with a prophetic gift was able to use such a gift effectively in direct proportion to the strength of faith, or the faith, which is the full revealed message or body of Christian faith (Jude 3; 2 Timothy 4:2).

Ministry (12:7) - In the Greek diakonia from which we get our word "deacon" and "deaconess" referring to those who serve and is similar to the gift of helps. It includes every kind of practical help (Acts 20:35; 1 Corinthians 12:28). 

Teaching (12:7) - The only gifts included in all three listings are the gifts of prophecy and teaching.  This is the ability to interpret, clarify, and explain God's truth clearly (cf. Acts 18:24, 25; 2 Timothy 2:2).  Pastors MUST have the gift of teaching (1 Timothy 3:2; Titus 1:9; cf. 1 Timothy 4:16), but many mature, qualified laymen also have this gift.  This differs from preaching (prophecy), not in content, but the unique skill for public proclamation. 

Exhortation (12:8) - From the Greek word parakaléō, meaning to call near, i.e. invite, invoke (by imploration, hortation or consolation): —beseech, call for, (be of good) comfort, desire, (give) exhort(-ation), intreat, pray.  This gift enables a believer to effectively call others to obey and follow God's truth.  It can be used to admonish and correct sin, or encourage, comfort and strengthen struggling believers. 

Gives (12:8) - Giving of oneself or resources to meet the needs of others. 

Simplicity (12:8) - From the Greek word hap-lot'-ace, which means singlemindedness, i.e. openhearted generosity, sincerity not looking for thanks and recognition, but does so for the Glory of God. 

Shows Mercy (12:8) - The believer with this gift actively shows sympathy and sensitivity to those who are suffering.  They are willing and able to help lessen someone's suffering with the resources they have. 

Cheerfulness (12:8) - is in connection with showing mercy.  It is an attitude of the heart that is encouraging not a discouraging commiseration with those suffering.  

Dissimulation (12:9) - or hypocrisy.  Christian love is to be real, pure and sincere, without selfish motive or agenda.

Kindly Affectionate . . .  brotherly Love (12:10) - We are the family of God.  We are to be devoted to God and to one another.

Preferring One Another (12:10) - If we want to love others as Christ does, we will follow His example of humility, thinking of others before ourselves. 

Fervent In Spirit (12:11) - When we serve one another we cannot be lazy, we are to be diligent and enthusiastic. The Spirit of God is alive in us, not dead, not lazy but zealous.  Paul wants believers to use all their spiritual energy, excitement, and devotion in ministering to others as they serve the Lord.

Rejoicing In Hope (12:12) - Of Christ's return and our ultimate redemption.

Patient in Tribulation (12:12) The Greek text, the verb for “be patient” means “to be persistent, refuse to stop, persevere.” Tribulation is an oppressive, distressing state of physical, mental, social, or economic adversity or affliction.

Continuing Steadfastly in Prayer (12:12) - This is the constancy of prayer. When we pray without ceasing, we are acknowledging that our life belongs to the one who gave His own life to preserve ours and turning over our will and our desires to Him (Matthew 26:36–46; Romans 8:26–30; 1 Peter 5:6–7; 1 John 5:14–15). We are fully engaging in the privilege of relationship with the one who knows us completely, loves us with perfect love, and transforms us into His image. We are acknowledging spiritual realities and living our lives intentionally in God's presence, longing for the day we will be complete in Him (1 Corinthians 13:8–13; Hebrews 10:19–23).

Distributing (12:13) - From the Greek work that means commonality, partnership, or mutual sharing. It is often translated "fellowship," and "communion" (Acts 2:42, 44).

Given to Hospitality (12:13) - In the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus discusses the hospitable behavior of those who will inherit the kingdom: “For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me” (Matthew 25:34-36). In these days we often don’t think much about entertaining strangers, but hospitality is still an important part of Christian ministry (Romans 12:13; 1 Peter 4:9). By serving others we serve Christ (Matthew 25:40) and we promote the spread of God’s truth (3 John 5-8).

Bless Those Who Persecute You (12:14) - The concept of blessing those who persecute you goes beyond mere words; it involves praying for their well-being, seeking to understand their perspective, and responding with kindness and grace. When we are persecuted, we respond in love and forgiveness.

Rejoice . . . Weep (12:15) - We are to be genuinely happy in the blessings of others, and equally sensitive or compassionate to the hardships of others.

Same Mind One Toward Another (12:16) - Be impartial (James 2:1-4, 9; cf. Acts 10:34; 1 Timoth 5:21; 1 Peter 1:17).

Mind Not High Things (12:16) - Haughtiness with self-seeking pride

Recompense No One Evil For Evil (12:17) - Addressing the idea of revenge.  Meting out retribution for an evil act is simply not our responsibility. It is the wrath of God that will enact judgment on evil. God will give vengeance and ultimately judge the works of mankind (Romans 12:19; Revelation 20:11–15; Hebrews 10:30). It is our role is to “do what is right” (Romans 12:17) and “overcome evil with good” (Romans 12:21).

Heap Coals of Fire on His Head (12:20) - This refers to an ancient Egyptian custom in which a person who wanted to show public contrition carried a pan of burning coals on his head.  The coals represented the burning pain of his shame and guilt.  When believers lovingly help their enemies, it should bring shame to such people for their hate and animosity (cf. Proverbs 25:21, 22).